Meningococcal Disease
Mise à jour sur la vaccination contre la méningococcie invasive chez les enfants et les adolescents canadiens
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is serious, often resulting in fulminant sepsis or meningitis. IMD in Canada is primarily attributable to serogroups B and C. There are routine programs for serogroup C vaccine at 12 months of age, with some jurisdictions routinely providing additional earlier doses. Adolescents routinely receive a booster dose of serogroup C vaccine or of a quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, W and Y) vaccine. Serogroup B vaccines are not recommended for routine use pending further data on the efficacy and duration of protection from the available vaccine. However, children at increased risk for IMD should start immunization for serogroups B and C as soon as possible, assuming that they are at least 2 months of age.
Update on invasive meningococcal vaccination for Canadian children and youth
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is serious, often resulting in fulminant sepsis or meningitis. IMD in Canada is primarily attributable to serogroups B and C. There are routine programs for serogroup C vaccine at 12 months of age, with some jurisdictions routinely providing additional earlier doses. Adolescents routinely receive a booster dose of serogroup C vaccine or of a quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, W and Y) vaccine. Serogroup B vaccines are not recommended for routine use pending further data on the efficacy and duration of protection from the available vaccine. However, children at increased risk for IMD should start immunization for serogroups B and C as soon as possible, assuming that they are at least 2 months of age.
Augmentation des infections invasives à Neisseria meningitidis de sérogroupe W au Canada de 2009 à 2016
La prévalence de la méningococcie à MenW augmente au Canada et est associée à une augmentation des cas attribuables au complexe clonal ST-11 émergent, qui a maintenant été identifié dans cinq provinces canadiennes. Il semble plus courant chez les patients âgés que le complexe clonal ST-22 traditionnel, plus répandu chez les jeunes patients.
Immunization for meningococcal serogroup B: What does the practitioner need to know?
Most invasive meningococcal disease in Canada is now caused by serogroup B organisms. A vaccine directed against this serogroup (4CMenB) is newly licensed in Canada. It is hoped that this document will be useful to clinicians when faced with questions from parents.
Increase in Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W invasive disease in Canada: 2009–2016
MenW meningococcal disease is growing in prevalence in Canada and is associated with an increase in the emerging ST-11 CC. This emerging clonal complex has now been identified in five provinces in Canada. It appears to be more common in older patients than the traditional ST-22 CC, which occurs more often in younger patients.
La vaccination contre le méningocoque du sérogroupe B : ce que le praticien doit savoir
Au Canada, la plupart des méningococcies invasives sont désormais causées par des organismes du sérogroupe B. Un vaccin conçu contre ce sérogroupe (4CMenB) vient d'être homologué au Canada. Le présent document peut être utile aux cliniciens qui devront répondre aux questions des parents.
Mise à jour sur la vaccination contre la méningococcie invasive chez les enfants et les adolescents canadiens
La méningococcie invasive (MI) est une maladie grave qui est souvent à l’origine d’un sepsis fulminant ou d’une méningite. Au Canada, elle est surtout attribuable aux sérogroupes B et C. Des programmes de vaccination systématique contre le méningocoque du sérogroupe C sont prévus à l’âge de 12 mois, et dans certaines régions sociosanitaires, le calendrier comprend l’administration de doses supplémentaires aux enfants plus jeunes. Les adolescents reçoivent systématiquement une dose de rappel du vaccin contre le sérogroupe C ou d’un vaccin quadrivalent (sérogroupes A, C, W et Y). L’utilisation systématique des vaccins contre le sérogroupe B n’est pas recommandée tant qu’on n’aura pas recueilli de données supplémentaires sur l’efficacité des vaccins sur le marché et la durée de la protection qu’ils confèrent. Cependant, les enfants d’au moins deux mois qui courent un risque accru de MI devraient être vaccinés contre les sérogroupes B et C dans les plus brefs délais.
Recent Progress in the Prevention of Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease
The widespread use of meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines has highlighted the challenge of providing protection against serogroup B disease. Over a period of 4 decades, vaccine development has focused on subcapsular protein antigens, first with outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines against epidemic outbreaks, and more recently on new multicomponent vaccines designed to offer better cross-protection against the antigenically diverse strains responsible for endemic disease. Because of the low incidence of meningococcal disease, the protective efficacy of these vaccines has not been determined in clinical studies, and their licensure has been based on serological data; however, the serological assays used to predict protective coverage have limitations. As a result, evidence of the effectiveness of these vaccines against different strains and the contribution of specific antigens to protection can only be provided by epidemiological analyses following their implementation in sufficiently large populations.
Update on invasive meningococcal vaccination for Canadian children and youth (CPS Position Statement)
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is serious, often resulting in fulminant sepsis or meningitis. IMD in Canada is primarily attributable to serogroups B and C. There are routine programs for serogroup C vaccine at 12 months of age, with some jurisdictions routinely providing additional earlier doses. Adolescents routinely receive a booster dose of serogroup C vaccine or of a quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, W and Y) vaccine. Serogroup B vaccines are not recommended for routine use pending further data on the efficacy and duration of protection from the available vaccine. However, children at increased risk for IMD should start immunization for serogroups B and C as soon as possible, assuming that they are at least two months of age.
What would happen if we stopped vaccinations?
Emphasizes that while vaccination programs have eliminated or significantly reduced many vaccine-preventable diseases, these diseases still exist and can once again become common and deadly if vaccination coverage does not continue at high levels.